Crops ›› 2018, Vol. 34 ›› Issue (2): 73-79.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2018.02.013

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Effects of Different Ratio of N to K on Carbon-Nitrogen Metabolism and Chemical Constituents of Dark Sun-Cured Tobacco

Zhao Bingfei1,Sun Shuang1,Hou Zhenwu2,Fu Yunpeng1,Fu Quanshan2,Yang Yongfeng3,Wang Jing1,Huang Yongcheng4   

  1. 1 College of Tobacco Science, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, Henan, China
    2 Jilin Jiaohe Tobacco Co.Ltd., Jiaohe 132500, Jilin, China
    3 Henan Tobacco Co. Ltd., Zhengzhou 450000, Henan, China
    4 Changchun Branch of Jilin Tobacco Company, Changchun 130000, Jilin, China
  • Received:2017-11-13 Revised:2017-12-15 Online:2018-04-20 Published:2018-08-27

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Abstract:

Effects of different ratio of nitrogen to potassium on chromoplast pigment, carbon-nitrogen metabolism and chemical constituents of dark sun-cured tobacco were studied in Jiaohe. The results showed that with the nitrogen increased, the contents of chlorophyll and activity of nitrate reductase in dark sun-cured tobacco leaves increased. Under nitrogen level of 90kg/hm 2 and the ratio of N to K was 1:2, the content of chlorophyll and carotenoids was at a high level at later stage, which was harmful to the normal metabolism of carbon-nitrogen and tobacco maturing. However, nitrogen level of 75kg/hm 2 and the ratio of N to K level of 1:3 were good for carbon-nitrogen metabolism. In the term of chemical constituents of cured tobacco. with the increase of nitrogen level, the content of nitrogen compounds increased and the carbohydrate content decreased. With the increase of potassium level, the potassium content in cured tobacco increased obviously. Therefore, under sufficient nitrogen supply, it was beneficial to tobacco quality with increasing the proportion of potassium in tobacco planting soil.

Key words: Dark sun-cured tobacco, N, K ratio, Carbon-nitrogen metabolism, Chemical constituents

Table 1

The experiment treatment combination"

处理
Treatment		 N
(kg/hm2)		 P2O5
(kg/hm2)		 K2O
(kg/hm2)		 N∶K2O
T1 (低氮低钾) N1(60) P(90) K1(120) 1∶2
T2 (低氮高钾) N1(60) P(90) K2(180) 1∶3
T3 (中氮低钾) N2(75) P(90) K1(150) 1∶2
T4 (中氮高钾) N2(75) P(90) K2(225) 1∶3
T5 (高氮低钾) N3(90) P(90) K1(180) 1∶2
T6 (高氮高钾) N3(90) P(90) K2(270) 1∶3

Fig.1

The effects of diffierent ratio of N, K on the activity of NR"

Table 2

The analysis of variance of NR activity on 30 days of tabacco leaf"

变异来源
Source of variation		 自由度
Degree of freedom		 平方和
Sum of squares		 均方
Mean squares		 F值
F value		 F0.05
主区Whole plot 区组Block 2 0.05 0.03 0.62 6.94
氮用量Nitrogen rate 2 111.46 55.73 1 293.62* 6.94
误差Error 4 0.17 0.04
总变异Total variation 8 111.68
副区Split plot 氮钾配比N, K ratio 1 0.41 0.41 8.54* 5.99
氮用量×氮钾配比Nitrogen rate×N, K ratio 2 0.38 0.19 4.03 5.14
误差Error 6 0.29 0.05
总变异Total variation 17 112.76

Fig.2

The effects of diffierent ratio of N, K on the activity of INV"

Table 3

The analysis of variance of INV activity on 20 days of tabacco leaf"

变异来源
Source of variation		 自由度
Degree of freedom		 平方和
Sum of squares		 均方
Mean squares		 F值
F value		 F0.05
主区Whole plot 区组Block 2 0.15 0.07 5.68 6.94
氮用量Nitrogen rate 2 19.47 9.73 23 358.24* 6.94
误差Error 4 0.00 0
总变异Total variation 8 19.62
副区Split plot 氮钾配比N, K ratio 1 0.59 0.59 1 021.88* 5.99
氮用量×氮钾配比Nitrogen rate×N, K ratio 2 0.30 0.15 262.65* 5.14
误差Error 6 0.00 0
总变异Total variation 17 20.51

Fig.3

The effects of diffierent ratio of N, K on the content of chlorophyll"

Fig.4

The effects of diffierent ratio of N, K on the content of carotenoids"

Table 4

The effects of diffierent ratio of N, K on chemical components in middle leaves of dark sun-cured tobacco"

处理
Treatment		 总氮(%)
Total nitrogen		 烟碱(%)
Nicotine		 总糖(%)
Total sugar		 还原糖(%)
Reducing sugar		 氯(%)
Chlorine		 钾(%)
Potassium		 糖碱比
Reducing sugar/Nicotine		 氮碱比
Total nitrogen/Nicotine
T1 2.48cC 2.85cdC 9.56bB 9.07bB 0.25eE 1.68cBC 3.18 0.87
T2 2.24dD 2.84cdC 10.49aA 10.09aA 0.37dD 1.85bB 3.55 0.79
T3 2.70bB 2.93cC 8.04cC 7.30dD 0.55bB 1.81bBC 2.49 0.92
T4 2.61bBC 2.82dC 8.24cC 8.03cC 0.38dD 2.03aA 2.85 0.93
T5 3.13aA 3.48aA 6.86dD 6.28fF 0.48cC 1.45dD 1.80 0.90
T6 3.09aA 3.28bB 6.95dD 6.78eE 0.67aA 1.67cC 2.07 0.94

Table 5

The effects of diffierent ratio of N, K on the contents of aroma consituents of dark sun-cured tobacco μg/g"

类别Categories 化合物名称Compound names T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T6
棕色化反应产物 3,4-二甲基-2,5-呋喃3,4-dimethyl-2,5-furan 5.49 8.82 5.36 9.77 6.45 7.18
Browning reaction products 糠醛Furfural 29.54 69.53 45.49 70.59 32.69 77.05
糠醇Furfural alcohol 4.61 8.43 5.28 10.22 6.65 7.48
2-乙酰呋喃2-acetyl furan 0.56 1.07 0.81 1.02 0.63 1.11
2-乙酰吡咯2-pyrrole acetyl groups 0.28 0.41 0.40 0.49 0.19 0.27
5-甲基糠醛5-methyl-2-furfural 0.47 0.85 0.92 1.30 1.13 1.61
小计Total 40.95 89.11 58.26 93.39 47.74 94.70
类胡萝卜素降解产物 6-甲基-5-庚烯-2-酮6-methyl-5-heptene-2-dioe 4.70 8.64 5.16 7.27 6.06 6.78
Carotenoid degradation products 芳樟醇Linalool 7.75 11.10 8.99 9.28 8.88 8.97
6-甲基-5-庚烯-2-醇6-methyl-5-heptene-2-alocohol 1.44 2.61 2.10 2.11 1.90 1.75
氧化异佛尔酮Isophorone oxide 0.58 0.92 0.59 0.73 0.72 0.72
2,6-壬二烯醛2,6- nonyladienal 0.93 1.03 0.66 1.72 1.07 1.28
异佛尔酮Isophorone 1.24 2.12 1.47 2.02 1.62 1.52
β-大马酮β-damascenone 11.63 18.28 12.36 19.77 16.78 20.31
β-二氢大马酮β-dihydro damascenone 6.43 10.52 7.48 11.44 6.72 12.71
香叶基丙酮Geranylacetone 9.01 13.44 10.85 12.80 10.99 11.28
3-羟基-β-二氢大马酮3-hydroxy-β-damascenone 18.30 24.65 19.32 22.10 19.95 20.71
巨豆三烯酮1 Megastigmatrienone1 0.97 1.37 1.36 1.26 1.11 1.37
巨豆三烯酮2 Megastigmatrienone2 3.11 4.24 3.00 4.66 3.87 4.47
巨豆三烯酮3 Megastigmatrienone3 3.75 4.81 6.64 4.56 2.73 6.40
巨豆三烯酮4 Megastigmatrienone4 3.08 5.50 4.66 5.21 4.93 6.75
螺岩兰草酮Solavetivone 71.15 64.53 67.05 95.46 70.57 98.83
法尼基丙酮Famesy acetore 22.81 39.95 31.10 37.29 31.03 37.31
二氢猕猴桃内酯Dihydro actinidiolide 9.10 14.76 9.90 10.27 11.14 10.77
藏花醛Safranal 1.09 1.47 1.18 1.20 1.19 0.91
小计Total 169.32 218.84 184.88 239.87 192.38 243.87
苯丙氨酸降解产物 苯甲醛Benzaldehyde 2.26 0.82 2.03 1.36 2.01 1.22
Phenylalanine degradation products 苯乙醛Phenylacetaldehyde 3.43 5.15 7.80 5.90 5.01 6.28
苯甲醇Benzyl alcohol 14.78 25.36 15.02 28.31 13.52 19.87
苯乙醇Phenylethyl alcohol 20.96 32.30 21.91 30.54 23.50 31.86
小计Total 41.43 63.63 46.76 66.11 44.04 59.23
西柏烷类降解产物
Alkanes degradation products		 茄酮Solanone 30.31 39.22 34.23 56.63 39.67 44.47
叶绿素降解产物
Degradation products of chlorophyll		 新植二烯Neophytadiene 242.11 320.42 295.88 367.80 341.51 442.33
除新植二烯外中性香气物质总量Total neutral aroma components except for neophytadiene 289.76 421.90 333.12 465.28 332.71 451.24
中性香气成分总量 Total neutral aroma components 531.87 742.32 629.00 833.08 674.22 893.57
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