Crops ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (1): 35-45.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2025.01.005

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Genetic Diversity Analysis of Lablab purpureus Germplasm Resources Based on Morphological Trait and SSR Markers

Yao Luming1(), Yuan Juan2, Ma Xiaohong1, Wang Biao1()   

  1. 1School of Agriculture and Biology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
    2Shanghai Pudong New District Agricultural Technology Extending Center, Shanghai 201201, China
  • Received:2023-10-08 Revised:2024-06-14 Online:2025-02-15 Published:2025-02-12

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Abstract:

The genetic diversity of 115 Lablab purpureus germplasms from China, India and the United States was analyzed using 17 phenotypic traits and 31 pairs of polymorphic SSR markers. The results showed that a total of 25 types of variation were observed for the nine qualitative traits. The diversity index (H′) ranged from 0.23 to 1.19 with an average of 0.72. The coefficient of variation of eight quantitative traits was 8.97%-36.23%, and most of the phenotypic traits showed rich genetic diversity. Most of genetic information could represented by nine principle component factors with 77.39% of cumulative contribution rate according to principal component analysis (PCA). The 106 alleles were amplified by 31 pairs of SSR primers in L. purpureus germplasms with an average of 1.96 alleles per marker. The polymorphic information content (PIC) of each marker varied from 0.05 to 0.69, and the group genetic diversity indexes ranged from 0.05 to 0.74 with an average of 0.45. The unweighted pair-group method with arithmetic means (UPGMA) cluster analysis divided the L. purpureus germplasms into six groups at the genetic distance of 3.8. Additionally, according to PCA, materials in each group were distributed concentrated while each group was independent to each other. All tested materials were divided into two groups by population genetic structure analysis. There was no consistency between the cluster of L. purpureus germplasms and their geographical origin according to all the UPGMA, PCA and genetic structure analysis. This study demonstrated that L. purpureus germplasms had a high level of genetic diversity. These findings provided scientific basis for the utilization of germplasms resources and breeding of L. purpureus.

Key words: Lablab purpureus, Germplasm resource, Phenotypic trait, SSR marker, Genetic diversity

Table 1

List of L. purpureus germplasms"

序号Number 编号Code 来源Origin 序号Number 编号Code 来源Origin 序号Number 编号Code 来源Origin
1 CNSHN1 中国上海 40 CNHN07 中国河南 79 US12 美国
2 CNSH01 中国上海 41 CNHN10 中国河南 80 US13 美国
3 CNSH02 中国上海 42 CNHN12 中国河南 81 US14 美国
4 CNSH03 中国上海 43 CNHN14 中国河南 82 US15 美国
5 CNSH04 中国上海 44 CNHN15 中国河南 83 US16 美国
6 CNSH05 中国上海 45 CNHN16 中国河南 84 US17 美国
7 CNSH06 中国上海 46 CNHN17 中国河南 85 US18 美国
8 CNSH07 中国上海 47 CNHN19 中国河南 86 US19 美国
9 CNSH08 中国上海 48 CNHN20 中国河南 87 US20 美国
10 CNSH09 中国上海 49 CNN01 中国黑龙江 88 US21 美国
11 CNSH10 中国上海 50 CNN02 中国黑龙江 89 US22 美国
12 CNSH11 中国上海 51 CNN03 中国黑龙江 90 US23 美国
13 CNSH12 中国上海 52 CNN04 中国黑龙江 91 US24 美国
14 CNSH13 中国上海 53 CNN06 中国黑龙江 92 US25 美国
15 CNSH14 中国上海 54 CNN07 中国黑龙江 93 US26 美国
16 CNSH15 中国上海 55 CNN08 中国黑龙江 94 US27 美国
17 CNSH16 中国上海 56 CNN09 中国黑龙江 95 US28 美国
18 CNSH17 中国上海 57 CNN10 中国黑龙江 96 US29 美国
19 CNSH18 中国上海 58 IND01 印度 97 US30 美国
20 CNSH19 中国上海 59 IND02 印度 98 US31 美国
21 CNSH21 中国上海 60 IND03 印度 99 US32 美国
22 CNSH22 中国上海 61 IND04 印度 100 US33 美国
23 CNSH23 中国上海 62 IND05 印度 101 US34 美国
24 CNSH24 中国上海 63 IND06 印度 102 US35 美国
25 CNSH26 中国上海 64 IND07 印度 103 US36 美国
26 CNSH27 中国上海 65 IND10 印度 104 US37 美国
27 CNSH28 中国上海 66 IND11 印度 105 US38 美国
28 CNSH29 中国上海 67 IND12 印度 106 US39 美国
29 CNSH30 中国上海 68 IND13 印度 107 US41 美国
30 CNSH31 中国上海 69 US01 美国 108 US42 美国
31 CNSH32 中国上海 70 US02 美国 109 US43 美国
32 CNSH33 中国上海 71 US03 美国 110 US44 美国
33 CNSH34 中国上海 72 US04 美国 111 US45 美国
34 CNSH35 中国上海 73 US05 美国 112 US47 美国
35 CNHN01 中国河南 74 US07 美国 113 US48 美国
36 CNHN02 中国河南 75 US08 美国 114 US49 美国
37 CNHN03 中国河南 76 US09 美国 115 US50 美国
38 CNHN04 中国河南 77 US10 美国
39 CNHN06 中国河南 78 US11 美国

Table 2

Quantified value of qualitative traits in L. purpureus"

性状
Trait		 缩写
Abbreviation		 赋值
Quantified value
下胚轴颜色Hypocotyl color HC 绿=1，紫=2，深紫=3
叶脉颜色Vein color
 VPC
 绿=1，深绿=2，紫=3，深紫=4
翼瓣色Petal color PC 紫=1，白=2
嫩荚主色
Predominant color of young pod		 PCYP
 绿=1，紫=2
嫩荚次色
Secondary color of young pod		 SCYP
 紫=1，红=2，绿=3
荚形Pod shape
 PS
 扁条=1，长条=2，细长条=3
种子形状Seed shape SS 卵圆=1，圆=2
种皮主色
Predominant color of episperm		 PCE
 黑=1，黄=2，棕=3
种皮次色
Secondary color of episperm		 SCE
 黑=1，红=2，棕=3

Table 3

Genetic diversity analysis of qualitative traits in L. purpureus"

性状
Trait		 符合性状赋值资源数量
Germplasms meeting the trait assignment		 资源频次分布
Frequency distribution (%)		 多样性指数
H'
1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4
下胚轴颜色Hypocotyl color 16 64 35 － 13.91 55.65 30.43 － 0.96
叶脉颜色Vein color 34 5 51 25 29.57 4.35 44.35 21.74 1.19
翼瓣色Petal color 108 7 － － 93.91 6.09 － － 0.23
嫩荚主色Predominant color of young pod 63 52 － － 54.78 45.22 － － 0.69
嫩荚次色Secondary color of young pod 81 10 24 － 70.43 8.70 20.87 － 0.79
荚形Pod shape 87 27 1 － 75.65 23.48 0.87 － 0.59
种子形状Seed shape 96 19 － － 83.48 16.52 － － 0.45
种皮主色Predominant color of episperm 75 6 34 － 65.22 5.22 29.57 － 0.79
种皮次色Secondary color of episperm 30 79 6 － 26.09 68.70 5.22 － 0.76

Table 4

Genetic diversity analysis of quantitative traits in L. purpureus"

农艺性状Agronomic trait 平均值±标准差Mean±SD 范围Range 变异系数CV (%) 多样性指数H′
始花天数Emergent to flowering (d) 52.72±6.99 38.00~63.00 13.26 1.86
花序长度Inflorescence length (cm) 23.36±7.41 3.42~62.90 31.70 1.90
叶绿素含量Chlorophyll content 35.41±3.18 24.64~41.82 8.97 1.97
荚宽Pod width (mm) 24.40±8.84 9.50~79.48 36.23 1.29
荚厚Pod thickness (mm) 5.11±1.59 2.00~14.55 31.07 1.85
单荚重Single pod weight (g) 4.88±1.60 1.61~12.58 33.56 1.83
荚长Pod length (mm) 71.13±12.09 57.58~133.15 17.00 1.63
百粒重100-grain weight (g) 44.23±5.56 29.00~63.30 12.57 1.99

Table 5

Correlation analysis of L. purpureus gerplasms"

性状
Trait		 花序长度
Inflorescence
length		 叶绿素含量
Chlorophyll
content		 荚宽
Pod
width		 荚厚
Pod
thickness		 单荚重
Single pod
weight		 荚长
Pod
length		 百粒重
100-grain
weight		 始花天数
Emergent to
flowering
花序长度Inflorescence length 1.000
叶绿素含量Chlorophyll content 0.062 1.000
荚宽Pod width 0.014 0.008 1.000
荚厚Pod thickness 0.028 0.110 0.065 1.000
单荚重Single pod weight -0.150 0.130 0.150 0.130 1.000
荚长Pod length -0.094 -0.140 0.073 -0.170 0.340 1.000
百粒重100-grain weight 0.089 0.120 -0.015 0.160 -0.071 -0.240* 1.000
始花天数Emergent to flowering 0.069 0.081 -0.260** 0.077 -0.024 -0.110 -0.004 1.000

Table 6

Principal component analysis of phenotypic traits in L. purpureus"

指标
Index		 第1主成分
PC1		 第2主成分
PC2		 第3主成分
PC3		 第4主成分
PC4		 第5主成分
PC5		 第6主成分
PC6		 第7主成分
PC7		 第8主成分
PC8		 第9主成分
PC9
下胚轴颜色Hypocotyl color 0.84 -0.05 -0.16 0.09 0.14 -0.10 -0.16 0.02 -0.12
叶脉颜色Vein color 0.72 -0.10 -0.24 0.04 0.04 -0.22 -0.13 0.38 -0.07
翼瓣色Petal color -0.58 -0.04 0.37 -0.20 -0.18 -0.10 -0.24 -0.01 0.10
嫩荚主色
Predominant color of young pod		 0.59 0.04 0.18 0.15 -0.37 -0.20 0.30 -0.37 0.12
嫩荚次色
Secondary color of young pod		 -0.78 -0.24 0.22 -0.01 0.11 -0.01 -0.15 -0.02 -0.08
荚形Pod shape -0.22 -0.32 -0.13 0.60 0.05 0.22 0.48 -0.05 0.10
种子形状Seed shape -0.19 -0.44 -0.27 0.37 0.41 -0.16 -0.03 -0.08 -0.10
种皮主色
Predominant color of episperm		 -0.16 0.17 0.47 0.15 -0.05 -0.23 0.50 0.57 0.01
种皮次色
Secondary color of episperm		 0.24 0.40 0.60 -0.09 0.16 0.14 0.03 0.01 -0.37
始花天数Emergent to flowering 0.21 -0.11 0.37 0.41 -0.54 0.10 -0.26 -0.15 0.13
花序长度Inflorescence length 0.15 0.00 -0.20 -0.11 -0.18 0.86 0.06 0.20 -0.10
叶绿素含量Chlorophyll content 0.25 -0.07 0.37 0.21 0.44 0.20 -0.28 0.20 0.55
荚宽Pod width 0.04 0.45 -0.24 -0.42 0.26 0.04 0.29 -0.25 0.40
荚厚Pod thickness 0.26 -0.02 0.55 0.07 0.47 0.13 0.10 -0.34 -0.24
单荚重Single pod weight -0.10 0.77 -0.08 0.23 0.03 -0.10 -0.10 0.07 0.07
荚长Pod length -0.39 0.46 -0.40 0.32 0.01 -0.02 -0.06 -0.04 -0.22
百粒重100-grain weight -0.10 0.56 -0.02 0.50 0.04 0.11 -0.19 -0.07 0.03
贡献率Contribution rate (%) 17.93 11.15 10.66 8.35 7.09 6.36 5.81 5.31 4.73
累计贡献率
Cumulative contribution rate (%)		 17.93
 29.08
 39.74
 48.09
 55.18
 61.54
 67.35
 72.66
 77.39

Table 7

Genetic diversity of L. purpureus materials"

标记名称SSR marker Na Ne I He PIC
AW781285 3 1.94 0.75 0.48 0.39
Sat_069 4 1.45 0.61 0.31 0.29
Sat_155 3 2.23 0.91 0.55 0.47
Sat_420 4 2.29 0.99 0.56 0.49
Sat_421 3 1.33 0.48 0.25 0.23
Sat_423 4 1.71 0.77 0.42 0.38
Satt032 3 1.66 0.72 0.40 0.36
Satt235 4 1.33 0.54 0.25 0.24
Satt284 2 1.05 0.12 0.05 0.05
Satt289 3 2.01 0.75 0.50 0.39
Satt327 4 1.65 0.71 0.39 0.35
Satt328 4 2.82 1.13 0.65 0.58
Satt335 3 1.11 0.23 0.10 0.10
Satt347 3 1.88 0.76 0.47 0.39
Satt385 3 1.98 0.81 0.49 0.42
Satt393 5 1.81 0.86 0.45 0.40
Satt520 3 2.17 0.84 0.54 0.43
Satt522 5 2.04 0.92 0.51 0.45
Satt545 3 2.35 0.94 0.57 0.49
Satt555 3 2.09 0.79 0.52 0.41
Satt556 3 1.13 0.27 0.12 0.11
Satt564 4 1.86 0.80 0.46 0.40
Satt567 4 2.20 0.89 0.55 0.45
Satt597 3 2.04 0.76 0.51 0.40
Satt702 4 3.85 1.37 0.74 0.69
Satt727 4 2.81 1.15 0.64 0.58
Sct_064 4 2.65 1.07 0.62 0.55
Sct_065 3 1.97 0.74 0.49 0.39
Sct_147 3 1.53 0.58 0.35 0.30
Sct_190 3 2.19 0.92 0.54 0.48
Sctt011 2 1.45 0.49 0.31 0.26
平均Mean 3.42 1.96 0.76 0.45 0.38

Fig.1

Cluster analysis of L. purpureus germplasms based on agronomic traits"

Table 8

Variation of quantitative traits in L. purpureus clusters"

性状Trait I II III
材料数量
Number of germplasms		 58
 26
 3
始花天数
Emergent to flowering (d)		 57.05±3.31
 47.81±5.56
 45.00±1.41
花序长度
Inflorescence length (cm)		 22.78±5.89
 22.94±3.98
 24.11±0.96
叶绿素含量Chlorophyll content 35.62±2.86 36.06±2.99 34.37±2.65
荚宽Pod width (mm) 21.99±2.62 23.52±3.19 73.83±4.11
荚厚Pod thickness (mm) 5.37±1.50 5.27±1.12 5.43±1.00
单荚重Single pod weight (g) 4.44±1.00 4.88±1.54 4.69±0.36
荚长Pod length (mm) 65.25±3.75 66.46±4.05 68.81±7.45
百粒重100-grain weight (g) 42.47±3.76 47.40±5.46 40.98±0.53
性状Trait IV V VI
材料数量
Number of germplasms		 7
 8
 13
始花天数
Emergent to flowering (d)		 56.57±1.92
 55.25±3.83
 41.38±4.91
花序长度
Inflorescence length (cm)		 23.79±3.27
 34.72±11.31
 19.39±10.81
叶绿素含量
Chlorophyll content		 34.19±2.68
 37.14±1.65
 33.00±4.23
荚宽Pod width (mm) 25.24±4.21 21.85±5.83 26.64±2.21
荚厚Pod thickness (mm) 4.31±1.47 4.34±1.41 4.43±2.34
单荚重Single pod weight (g) 6.29±2.76 5.13±1.90 5.95±2.22
荚长Pod length (mm) 106.40±11.93 79.18±2.68 83.32±6.83
百粒重100-grain weight (g) 52.34±5.55 42.19±5.52 43.65±5.80

Fig.2

Cluster analysis of L. purpureus germplasms based on SSR markers"

Fig.3

Two-dimensional scatter plot of principal components analysis (PCA) of L. purpureus germplasms Different color stands for clusters based on SSR markers."

Fig.4

Population genetic structure analysis of L. purpureus germplasms (a) Line chart of lnP(D) with change of K-values; (b) Line chart of ΔK with change of K-values; (c) Population structure of L. purpureus germplasms."

Fig.5

Relationship between origins and genetic groups of L. purpureus germplasms (a) Ratio of germplasms from different origins among genetic groups based on SSR marker; (b) Ratio of germplasms from different origins among genetic groups based on population structure analysis."

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