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作物杂志,2024, 第5期: 1–7 doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2024.05.001

• 遗传育种·种质资源·生物技术 •    下一篇

水稻胚乳突变体cse-2的表型分析及基因定位

孙家猛(), 高原, 陈虎, 花芹, 林泉祥, 陈庆全, 李金才, 张海涛()   

  1. 安徽农业大学农学院，230036，安徽合肥
  • 收稿日期:2023-06-24 修回日期:2023-08-12 出版日期:2024-10-15 发布日期:2024-10-16
  • 通讯作者: 张海涛，研究方向为作物遗传育种，E-mail：43647174@qq.com
  • 作者简介:孙家猛，研究方向为作物遗传育种，E-mail：1596038203@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    “十四五”国家重点研发计划(2022YFF1002903);国家自然科学基金项目(31871603)

Phenotypic Analysis and Gene Mapping of Rice Mutant Chalkiness and Shrunken Endosperm-2

Sun Jiameng(), Gao Yuan, Chen Hu, Hua Qin, Lin Quanxiang, Chen Qingquan, Li Jincai, Zhang Haitao()   

  1. College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China
  • Received:2023-06-24 Revised:2023-08-12 Online:2024-10-15 Published:2024-10-16

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摘要：

淀粉是水稻籽粒中含量最多的大分子物质，其组分及含量对于稻米的各项品质指标均有直接影响。本研究鉴定了1个新的粉质胚乳突变体（chalkiness and shrunken endosperm-2，cse-2），分析了突变体的农艺和品质相关性状，并对其开展了基因定位。结果表明，与野生型相比，突变体的株高、穗粒数和结实率等农艺性状以及淀粉含量、淀粉组分比例、淀粉粒形态结构、蛋白质含量、脂肪酸含量等品质性状均发生了显著变化。遗传分析表明，突变性状是由位于4号染色体上的1对隐性核基因控制。序列分析表明，精细定位区间内LOC_Os04g55230/FLO2基因第6064位碱基胞嘧啶（C）突变为胸腺嘧啶（T），形成TAA无义突变。以上结果证明，cse-2是已报道突变体flo2的一个新等位突变体。

关键词: 水稻, 粉质胚乳, 淀粉性质, 基因定位, FLO2

Abstract:

Starch is the most abundant macromolecular substance in rice grain, and its composition and content have direct effect on quality indexes of rice. In this paper, agronomic and qualitative traits related to chalkiness and shrunken endosperm-2 (cse-2) were investigated and the candidate gene was mapped. The results showed that the agronomic traits including plant height, grain number per panicle, seed-setting rate, starch content and its components, physicochemical properties, starch grain morphology and structure, protein and fatty acid contents of the mutant had significantly altered. Mapping result showed that mutated phenotype is determined by a pair of nuclear recessive genes locating on chromosome 4. Sequence analysis indicated that a single nucleotide substitution of C-to-T occurred on the 6064th base of LOC_Os04g55230/FLO2, forming a TAA nonsense mutation. Therefore, cse-2 was a new allelic mutant of flo2.

Key words: Rice, Floury endosperm, Starch property, Gene mapping, FLO2

图1

野生型（ZH11）与突变体（cse-2）的表型比较 株高（a）、籽粒（b~e）。比例尺为10 cm（a）、1 cm（b~d）和1 mm（e）。

表1

野生型（ZH11）与突变体（cse-2）农艺性状比较

农艺性状Agronomic trait ZH11 cse-2
株高Plant height (cm) 104.05±0.56 94.55±1.18**
主茎穗长Main panicle length (cm) 23.80±0.46 21.22±0.51**
第1节间长
The first internode length (cm)		 42.20±0.66
 40.21±0.75
第2节间长
The second internode length (cm)		 19.16±0.64
 18.57±0.40
第3节间长
The third internode length (cm)		 13.68±0.56
 10.55±0.56**
第4节间长
The fourth internode length (cm)		 7.35±0.14
 5.24±0.17**
有效分蘖数Effective tiller number 20.75±2.47 24.85±2.56
一次枝梗数Primary branch number 13.88±0.40 13.83±1.01
二次枝梗数Secondary branch number 44.00±1.40 35.50±1.76**
穗粒数Grain number per panicle 221.85±6.84 191.90±6.11**
结实率Seed-setting rate (%) 89.84±0.13 80.58±0.19**
粒长Grain length (mm) 7.68±0.06 7.67±0.09
粒宽Grain width (mm) 3.51±0.01 3.49±0.02
粒厚Grain thickness (mm) 2.35±0.03 2.04±0.02**
千粒重1000-kernel weight (g) 25.63±0.40 19.16±0.17**

图2

野生型（ZH11）与突变体（cse-2）籽粒横截面扫描电镜图片

图3

野生型（ZH11）和突变体（cse-2）籽粒成分含量对比 “**”表示在P < 0.01水平上有极显著差异。

表2

野生型（ZH11)与突变体（cse-2）大米理化性质比较

材料
Material		 起始温度
To (℃)		 峰值温度
TP (℃)		 结束温度
TC (℃)		 焓变
?H (J/g)		 碱消值
Alkali consumption value		 胶稠度
Gel consistency (mm)
ZH11 66.90±0.55 72.20±0.37 76.10±0.27 6.50±0.22 8.10±0.37 56.40±0.18
cse-2 62.20±0.31** 68.10±0.48** 73.60±0.17** 5.80±0.11** 7.70±0.48** 69.60±0.15**

图4

CSE-2基因的精细定位 a~d：横线上方为定位所用的分子标记，横线下方为交换单株数，浅蓝色箭头表示候选基因；e：候选基因CSE-2结构图，浅蓝色框代表外显子，其中间空白部分代表内含子，红色箭头分别表示起始密码子、终止密码子、突变位点，黑线框内容表示突变位点；f：目的基因反向测序峰图，红线框内为突变位点；g：部分蛋白质序列比对，无义突变引起的氨基酸缺失。

图5

野生型（ZH11）与突变体（cse-2）中FLO2蛋白质序列比对 红色箭头表示cse-2突变体内FLO2突变形成终止密码子的位点。

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