Crops ›› 2017, Vol. 33 ›› Issue (5): 136-141.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2017.05.023

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Effects of Transplanting Date on Yield and Quality of Edible Sweet Potato cv. Yanshu No.25

Liu Qian,Hou Song,Liu Qing,Li Huan,Shi Yanxi   

  1. College of Resources and Environment,Qingdao Agricultural University,Qingdao 266109,Shandong,China
  • Received:2017-07-22 Revised:2017-08-21 Online:2017-10-15 Published:2018-08-26
  • Contact: Qing Liu

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Abstract:

In order to clarify the relationship between the transplanting date and the formation of yield and quality of edible sweet potato, edible sweet potato cv. Yanshu No.25 was used as the experimental material and four transplanting date treatments were set up. The effects of different transplanting dates on the development, yield formation, appearance quality and nutritional quality of tuberous root were studied through field experiment in High-tech Demonstration Garden of Qigndao Agricultural University in Jiaozhou of Shandong in 2015-2016. The results showed that with the early transplanting date, the development rate of sweet potato was decreased within 50 days after transplanting, compared with the last transplanting date, the longest vine length, aboveground fresh weight and underground fresh weight of sweet potato transplanted in earlier date decreased by 7.1%-44.9%, 10.4%-68.4%, and 21.1%-101.8%, respectively, and the differences reached the significant level. With the early transplanting date, the yield increased, the tuberous root number per plant, the average fresh weight per tuberous root and the proportion of big tuberous root increased, and the differences reached the significant level. With the early transplanting time, the incidence of "fillet" in epidermis of Yanshu No.25 sweet potato increased, and the incidence of "fillet" of the four transplanting dates in chronological sequence was 41.40%, 27.41%, 22.47% and 15.43%, respectively, and the differences reached the significant level. With the early transplanting date, the contents of starch and soluble sugar decreased, but the carotene content was not significantly changed. So we could select the appropriate transplanting date to improve the sweet potato commodity tuberous root rate, appearance quality and nutritional quality combined with the local climate and soil conditions, so as to realize the maximization of the benefit of sweet potato cultivation.

Key words: Edible sweet potato, Field experiment, Transplanting date, Yield, Quality, Commodity rate

Table 1

Growth and development parameters of sweet potato cv. Yanshu No.25 after 50 days of transplanting"

年份
Year		 处理
Treatment		 分枝数
Branch number		 最长蔓长(cm)
The longest vine length		 地上部鲜重(g/株)
Aboveground fresh weight		 地下部鲜重(g/株)
Underground fresh weight		 分根结薯数
Tuberous root number
2015 T1 5.8a 41.6d 155.2d 25.8d 2.3c
T2 6.0a 60.4c 289.7c 54.1c 2.8b
T3 6.2a 67.3b 367.6b 66.6b 2.9ab
T4 6.1a 72.1a 426.3a 90.4a 3.1a
2016 T1 5.6a 40.3d 205.4d 22.2d 2.4c
T2 5.9a 58.4c 345.8c 65.0c 2.6bc
T3 6.1a 68.2b 407.6b 78.7b 2.8b
T4 6.3a 74.2a 450.1a 110.1a 3.3a

Table 2

Effects of different transplanting dates on yield and yield component factors of Yanshu No.25"

年份
Year		 处理
Treatment		 鲜薯产量(kg/hm2)
Fresh tuberous
root yield		 单株结薯数
Tuberous root
number per plant		 单株薯块重(g)
Fresh tuberous root
weight per plant		 平均薯块重(g)
Average fresh weight
per tuberous root		 商品薯率(%)Commodity tuberous root rate 商品薯产量(kg/hm2)
Commodity tuberous root yield
2015 T1 45 225a 3.4ab 1 018.5a 299.5a 82.5b 37 305a
T2 41 085b 3.5a 867.7b 247.9b 88.7a 36 435a
T3 33 195c 3.6a 814.0c 226.1c 80.8bc 26 820b
T4 29 820d 3.2b 634.6d 198.3d 76.4c 22 785c
2016 T1 47 700a 3.6ab 1 035.4a 287.6a 82.8ab 38 250a
T2 43 275b 3.9a 960.4b 246.2b 86.5a 37 440a
T3 35 910c 3.6ab 778.4c 216.1c 79.6b 28 590b
T4 30 630d 3.3b 618.8d 187.5d 75.5c 23 130c

Fig.1

Tuberous root weight distribution on harvest time of different transplanting dates"

Fig.2

Tuberous root weight distribution and incidence rate of veins on harvest time of different transplanting dates"

Table 3

The fitting function of incidence of veins with tuberous root weight distribution"

处理
Treatment		 函数类型
Functions type		 拟合方程
Fitting function		 决定系数(r2)
Determination
coefficient
T1 一元线性One variable linear y=0.0952x+7.0355 0.9001
T2 一元线性One variable linear y=0.0792x+2.0934 0.9659
T3 一元线性One variable linear y=0.0678x+2.5319 0.9481
T4 一元线性One variable linear y=0.0580x-0.3258 0.9677

Table 4

Nutritional quality of tuberous roots of different transplanting dates"

处理
Treatment		 淀粉(%,DW)
Starch		 可溶性总糖(%,FW)
Soluble sugar		 葡萄糖(%,FW)
Glucose		 果糖(%,FW)
Fructose		 蔗糖(%.FW)
Sucrose		 胡萝卜素(mg/kg,FW)
Carotenoids
T1 64.92a 5.34c 1.35c 1.29d 1.46c 41.4a
T2 62.42ab 6.51b 1.48b 1.42c 1.69b 39.6a
T3 58.23b 8.15a 1.87a 1.58b 2.03a 40.5a
T4 52.65c 7.89a 1.86a 1.75a 1.78b 42.7a
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