Crops ›› 2022, Vol. 38 ›› Issue (5): 195-200.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2022.05.028

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Effects of Different Planting Densities on the Morphological Traits and Yields of Three Confectionery Sunflower Varieties

Shi Bixian1(), Tao Jianfei2, Gao Yan1, Xie Huihong2, Abulimiti·Aierken 2, Cheng Pingshan2, Maitituersun·Sadike 2, Sha Hong1()   

  1. 1Industrial Crops Institute of Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Urumqi 830091, Xinjiang, China
    2Moyu Agricultural Experimental Station of Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hetian 848100, Xinjiang, China
  • Received:2021-07-04 Revised:2022-03-12 Online:2022-10-15 Published:2022-10-19

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Abstract:

The experiment of replanting confectionery sunflower after wheat harvest was carried out in southern Xinjiang. Three sunflower varieties (SH363, JK601, XF3939) were used as materials to analyze the effects of five planting densities on plant morphological characteristics and yield traits by two factor randomized block design. The results showed that variety and density had significant effects on yield, stem diameter, disc diameter, grain weight per disc and 1000-grain weight. The yield increased first and then decreased with the increase of planting density, and reached the highest under the planting density of 3.00×104 plants/ha. The plant height and kernel percentage increased with the increase of planting density. The grain width, grain weight per disc and 1000-grain weight of the three varieties decreased with the increase of planting density, and the value was the highest at low planting density (2.50×104 plants/ha). Generally speaking, SH363 was not suitable for replanting in flood irrigation field because its high plant height and prone to lodging at later stage. JK601 and XF3939 could be used as sunflower varieties in southern Xinjiang after winter wheat harvest. The suitable planting densities of JK601 and XF3939 were 2.75×104-3.25×104 plants/ha and 3.00×104-3.25×104 plants/ha, respectively.

Key words: Replanting confectionery sunflower, Planting density, Morphological characteristics, Yield, Differences

Table 1

Main characteristics of confectionery sunflower under different treatments"

参数
Parameter		 最小值
Minimum		 最大值
Maximum		 平均值
Average		 标准差
Standard deviation		 变异系数
Coefficient of variation (%)
株高Plant height (cm) 164.80 246.60 206.65 24.54 11.88
茎粗Stem diameter (cm) 2.01 3.13 2.56 0.30 11.69
叶片数Blade number 25.90 33.50 29.80 2.33 8.07
花盘直径Disc diameter (cm) 17.01 26.75 21.02 2.38 11.32
单盘粒重Grain weight per disc (g) 79.00 140.00 111.51 16.47 14.77
结实率Seed-setting rate (%) 70.00 84.00 79.72 2.80 5.92
粒长Grain length (cm) 21.21 25.32 23.50 1.07 3.52
粒宽Grain width (cm) 7.05 11.26 8.75 0.53 14.54
千粒重1000-seed weight (g) 154.30 219.29 187.53 16.78 6.09
籽仁率Seed kernel rate (%) 48.20 57.31 51.96 2.47 8.95
产量Yield (kg/hm2) 2922.15 3723.15 3370.65 199.65 0.89

Table 2

Effects of different planting densities on morphological traits of different varieties"

品种Variety 处理Treatment 株高Plant height (cm) 茎粗Stem diameter (cm) 叶片数Blade number 花盘直径Disc diameter (cm)
SH363 T1 242.35±1.80a 2.17±0.07c 32.20±0.51a 17.59±0.35d
T2 241.83±3.78a 2.28±0.09c 32.50±0.50a 19.02±0.67cd
T3 234.48±6.31ab 2.63±0.04b 32.00±0.70a 19.72±0.47c
T4 231.10±3.21ab 2.76±0.04ab 32.30±0.29a 22.64±0.72b
T5 225.93±2.58b 2.90±0.08a 32.80±0.30a 24.48±0.37a
JK601 T1 212.67±2.09a 2.38±0.03e 30.83±0.32a 19.19±0.38c
T2 208.63±1.76ab 2.61±0.02d 29.90±0.42a 20.09±0.34c
T3 207.42±3.26ab 2.77±0.01c 29.70±0.40a 22.08±0.20b
T4 204.27±6.05ab 2.91±0.02b 30.13±0.24a 23.75±0.85b
T5 199.03±1.01b 3.06±0.04a 29.77±0.35a 25.62±0.62a
XF3939 T1 182.83±5.48a 2.09±0.04d 27.27±0.12ab 18.37±0.12d
T2 182.40±2.87a 2.26±0.06cd 27.17±0.54ab 19.77±0.07c
T3 180.10±3.20a 2.37±0.09bc 27.37±0.39a 20.18±0.24bc
T4 171.47±3.34a 2.54±0.10ab 26.20±0.21b 20.66±0.36b
T5 175.17±1.08a 2.71±0.06a 26.87±0.09ab 22.18±0.32a

Table 3

Effects of different densities on yield characters of different varieties"

品种
Variety		 处理
Treatment		 结实率
Seed-setting
rate (%)		 单盘粒重
Grain weight
per disc (g)		 粒长
Grain length
(cm)		 粒宽
Grain width
(cm)		 千粒重
1000-seed
weight (g)		 籽仁率
Seed kernel
rate (%)		 产量
Yield
(kg/hm2)
SH363 T1 83.77±2.69a 83.67±2.40d 23.63±0.29b 7.62±0.09c 167.20±3.51d 56.31±0.58a 3094.80±88.95b
T2 83.53±0.07a 104.67±1.33c 23.63±0.20b 8.68±0.03b 181.57±1.37c 55.94±0.37a 3485.40±44.40a
T3 79.52±1.41a 120.00±1.53b 24.32±0.15a 8.79±0.10b 191.07±2.73b 54.76±0.67a 3632.40±46.20a
T4 79.17±1.68a 128.67±2.19a 24.38±0.15a 9.49±0.21a 198.83±3.38b 54.90±0.58a 3570.45±60.60a
T5 74.27±2.15a 133.00±3.51a 24.51±0.12a 9.56±0.15a 211.73±0.30a 52.31±0.33b 3405.45±89.85a
JK601 T1 80.97±0.92a 86.33±2.60d 23.41±0.31b 8.23±0.09c 167.05±1.35e 52.50±0.37a 3193.50±96.30c
T2 80.58±1.07a 106.33±1.86c 24.45±0.24a 8.56±0.09b 182.06±2.57d 51.55±0.30ab 3540.90±61.80a
T3 80.82±0.88a 117.00±1.15b 23.52±0.19b 8.75±0.12b 193.27±2.20c 51.19±0.24b 3541.65±34.95a
T4 79.11±1.78a 125.00±2.08a 24.79±0.39a 9.08±0.03a 202.55±0.49b 50.93±0.38b 3468.75±57.75ab
T5 80.38±1.49a 130.33±0.88a 24.45±0.10a 9.18±0.04a 215.01±2.40a 49.88±0.21c 3337.20±22.65bc
XF3939 T1 81.65±0.76a 84.67±0.88c 22.40±0.03b 8.04±0.06d 155.97±1.20d 51.36±0.29a 3131.85±32.55b
T2 80.58±0.95a 100.67±2.19b 21.89±0.34bc 8.40±0.06c 171.53±0.88c 50.50±0.09b 3352.20±72.75a
T3 79.33±1.44a 114.33±2.91a 23.22±0.33a 8.85±0.06b 187.03±0.88b 49.80±0.12c 3460.80±87.90a
T4 77.67±1.03a 117.33±2.73a 22.26±0.18bc 8.96±0.07ab 189.60±0.49b 49.26±0.09d 3256.05±75.75ab
T5 77.92±1.53a 120.67±1.76a 21.58±0.06c 9.12±0.03a 198.50±1.11a 48.29±0.08e 3089.70±45.15b

Fig.1

Comparison of yields of different varieties under different planting densities Different letters indicate significant difference at P < 0.05 level, the same below"

Fig.2

Comparison of yield of varieties under different planting densities"

Table 4

Analysis of variance of yield and main characteristics"

参数
Parameter		 III 型平方和
Sum of squares of type III		 自由度
df		 均方
Mean square		 F值
F-value		 P值
P value
株高Plant height 截距 1 921 607.35 1 1 921 607.35 50 353.14 0.00
品种 24 152.70 2 12 076.35 316.44 0.00
密度 46.15 4 11.53 0.30 0.87
品种×密度 1152.28 8 144.03 3.77 0.00
误差 1144.87
总计 1 948 103.37
茎粗Stem diameter 截距 295.62 1 295.62 29 748.02 0.00
品种 0.93 2 0.47 47.12 0.00
密度 2.64 4 0.66 66.43 0.00
品种×密度 0.07 8 0.01 0.91 0.52
误差 0.29
总计 299.57
花盘直径Disc diameter 截距 19 888.28 1 19 888.28 31 278.97 0.00
品种 30.02 2 15.01 23.61 0.00
密度 182.01 4 45.50 71.56 0.00
品种×密度 18.14 8 2.26 3.56 0.01
误差 19.07
总计 20 137.54
单盘粒重Grain weight per plate 截距 559 562.75 1 559 562.75 41 010.30 0.00
品种 363.51 2 181.75 13.32 0.00
密度 10 960.57 4 2740.14 200.82 0.00
品种×密度 199.82 8 24.97 1.83 0.11
误差 409.33
总计 571 496.00
参数
Parameter		 III 型平方和
Sum of squares of type III		 自由度
df		 均方
Mean square		 F值
F-value		 P值
P value
粒长Grain length 截距 24 842.32 1 24 842.32 156 280.32 0.00
品种 33.85 2 16.92 106.47 0.00
密度 2.58 4 0.64 4.06 0.01
品种×密度 8.81 8 1.10 6.92 0.00
误差 4.76
总计 24 892.33
粒宽Grain width 截距 3448.11 1 3448.11 131 029.46 0.00
品种 0.17 2 0.08 3.24 0.05
密度 10.22 4 2.55 97.11 0.00
品种×密度 1.33 8 0.16 6.34 0.00
误差 0.78
总计 3460.63
千粒重1000-seed weight 截距 1 582 560.04 1 1 582 560.04 138 896.30 0.00
品种 1131.26 2 565.63 49.64 0.00
密度 10 798.96 4 2699.74 236.95 0.00
品种×密度 114.69 8 14.34 1.26 0.30
误差 341.82
总计 1 594 946.78
产量Yield 截距 2 272 373.14 1 2 272 373.14 40 060.60 0.00
品种 1283.61 2 641.81 11.32 0.00
密度 4155.13 4 1038.78 18.31 0.00
品种×密度 652.80 8 81.60 1.44 0.22
误差 1701.70
总计 2 280 166.37
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