Crops ›› 2025, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (1): 220-226.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2025.01.028

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Study on Strategies of Growth and Phosphorus Uptake of Chinese Cabbage at Different Phosphorus Supply Levels

Hou Saisai1(), Li Chang1, Li Qingyun2, Wang Xinxin3,4,5()   

  1. 1College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, Hebei, China
    2College of Horticulture, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, Hebei, China
    3National Research Center of Agricultural Engineering Technology in Northern Mountainous Areas, Baoding 071001, Hebei, China
    4Hebei Mountainous Agricultural Technology Innovation Center, Baoding 071001, Hebei, China
    5Hebei Institute of Mountainous Areas, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding 071001, Hebei, China
  • Received:2023-05-25 Revised:2023-07-21 Online:2025-02-15 Published:2025-02-12

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Abstract:

As an essential nutrient element for plant growth, phosphorus (P) plays an important role in plant growth and metabolism. The P supply level affects soil P concentration and plant P uptake, and is also an important factor limiting plant growth. The effects of P supply levels (0, 2.5, 5, 10, 25, 50, 100, 150, 300, 600, 900, 1200 mg/kg, represented by P0, P2.5, …, P1200, respectively) on the growth of Chinese cabbage (Brassica pekinensis Rupr.) and phosphorus absorption strategy were investigated. The results showed that P supply levels significantly affected the growth of shoot and root traits, dry matter accumulation and P uptake of Chinese cabbage. The maximum plant height and stem diameter of Chinese cabbage were at P150 and P900, respectively. With the increase of P supply level, the dry weight of the shoot increased from 0.47 g to 2.24 g, and the dry weight of the root increased from 0.06 g to 0.23 g. P concentrations in shoot and root increased by 197.9% and 203.7%, respectively. Root traits such as root length, root surface area and root diameter increased firstly, and then decreased with the increase of P supply level. In conclusion, in our experiment, when applyed 150-300 mg/kg of phosphorus, the overall growth characteristics of Chinese cabbage was the highest, which was the most beneficial to the growth and development of Chinese cabbage. At low P supply levels, Chinese cabbage increased P uptake by enhancing root development. However, when the P concentration is too high, plants will weaken root growth, so as to reduce the P acquisition in soil.

Key words: Chinese cabbage, Phosphorus, Phosphorus uptake, Growth strategy, Root traits

Table 1

Effects of phosphorus supply levels on phosphorus absorption of B. pekinensis Rupr."

处理
Treatment		 地上部干重
Shoot dry
weight (g)		 根部干重
Root dry
weight (g)		 地上部磷浓度
Shoot P
concentration
(mg/kg)		 根部磷浓度
Root P
concentration
(mg/kg)
P0 0.63±0.08ef 0.06±0.03e 0.98±0.12d 0.82±0.06g
P2.5 0.47±0.17f 0.09±0.05de 1.06±0.08d 1.18±0.09f
P5 0.76±0.31def 0.13±0.04bcde 1.38±0.21cd 1.26±0.06ef
P10 1.15±0.23cd 0.14±0.05bcde 1.48±0.12c 1.42±0.10e
P25 1.21±0.44cd 0.12±0.06cde 1.54±0.16c 1.65±0.08d
P50 1.09±0.34cde 0.08±0.03e 1.69±0.16bc 1.68±0.06d
P100 1.52±0.42bc 0.10±0.06de 1.97±0.26b 1.71±0.15d
P150 2.24±0.26a 0.20±0.06abc 2.08±0.20b 1.73±0.12d
P300 2.23±0.59a 0.23±0.10a 2.58±0.78a 1.95±0.13c
P600 1.98±0.76ab 0.17±0.13abcd 2.80±0.58a 2.08±0.09bc
P900 2.20±0.10a 0.21±0.04ab 2.92±0.26a 2.21±0.30b
P1200 1.76±0.28ab 0.13±0.05bcde 2.88±0.14a 2.49±0.09a

Fig.1

Effects of phosphorus supply levels on shoot traits of B. pekinensis Rupr. Different lowercase letters indicate the significant differences (P < 0.05). The same below."

Fig.2

Effects of shoot phosphorus concentration on shoot traits of B. pekinensis Rupr."

Fig.3

Effects of phosphorus supply levels on root traits and rhizosphere soil pH of B. pekinensis Rupr."

Table 2

Univariate variance analysis of effects of phosphorus supply levels on growth and root characteristics of B. pekinensis Rupr."

指标
Index		 F值
F-value		 P值
P-value
株高Plant height 18.52 <0.001
茎粗Stem diameter 5.82 <0.001
根长Root length 270.47 <0.001
根表面积Root surface area 43.61 <0.001
根直径Root diameter 3.32 0.002
根体积Root volume 8.59 <0.001
根冠比Root-shoot ratio 41.59 <0.001
根际土壤pH Rhizosphere soil pH 8.76 <0.001
地上部干重Shoot dry weight 14.10 <0.001
根部干重Root dry weight 3.512 0.001
地上部磷浓度Shoot P concentration 23.49 <0.001
根部磷浓度Root P concentration 68.08 <0.001

Table 3

Pearson correlation analysis of growth traits and phosphorus absorption in B.pekinensis Rupr."

指标
Index		 株高
Plant
height		 茎粗
Stem
diameter		 根长
Root
length		 根表面积
Root
surface
area		 根直径
Root
diameter		 根体积
Root
volume		 根冠比
Root-
shoot
ratio		 根际土
壤pH
Rhizosphere
soil pH		 地上部
干重
Shoot
dry weight		 根部
干重
Root dry
weight		 地上部
磷浓度
Shoot P
concentration		 根部
磷浓度
Root P
concentration
株高Plant height 1.00
茎粗Stem diameter 0.51** 1.00
根长Root length 0.81** 0.57** 1.00
根表面积Root surface area 0.59** 0.66** 0.75** 1.00
根直径Root diameter 0.51** 0.45** 0.55** 0.50** 1.00
根体积Root volume 0.30* 0.44** 0.46** 0.70** 0.25 1.00
根冠比Root-shoot ratio -0.57** -0.34** -0.48** -0.14 -0.26* -0.06 1.00
根际土壤pH
Rhizosphere soil pH		 0.30* 0.15 0.21 0.16 -0.07 0.29* -0.08 1.00
地上部干重Shoot dry weight 0.76** 0.80** 0.84** 0.70** 0.53** 0.43** -0.45** 0.28* 1.00
根部干重Root dry weight 0.46** 0.54** 0.55** 0.60** 0.43** 0.52** 0.07 0.18 0.70** 1.00
地上部磷浓度
Shoot P concentration		 0.75** 0.60** 0.79** 0.68** 0.63** 0.37** -0.44** -0.02 0.72** 0.49** 1.00
根部磷浓度
Root P concentration		 0.72** 0.55** 0.73** 0.63** 0.58** 0.15 -0.49** -0.07 0.69** 0.37** 0.82** 1.00

Fig.4

Principal component analysis of growth characteristics of B. pekinensis Rupr. under different phosphorus supply levels"

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