氯酸盐在水稻硝态氮研究中的应用现状

doi:10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2024.04.001

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

氯酸盐处理是筛选耐低氮和氮高效种质的有效手段之一，通过研究水稻对氯酸盐的敏感性强弱可有效预测其氮利用效率（NUE）。本文阐述了氯酸盐在水稻硝态氮利用研究的进展，主要包括氯酸盐的鉴定原理、水稻氯酸盐敏感性鉴定方法和评价指标、基于氯酸盐的耐低氮和氮高效的水稻种质资源筛选以及氯酸盐在氮相关基因研究的运用等几个方面，同时指出氯酸盐在氮利用研究中存在的不足和局限性等，为氯酸盐鉴定在高NUE水稻育种和氮调控机制研究中的应用提供参考。

关键词: 水稻, 硝态氮, 氯酸盐, 氮利用效率

Abstract:

Chlorate treatment is one of successful ways to screen rice varieties with nitrogen efficiency and high tolerance to low nitrogen. The nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) of rice can be effectively determined by the study of the strength of sensitivity to chlorate. This review summaries the progress of the application of chlorate in nitrate nitrogen utilization research in rice including the appraisal principle for chlorate, identification techniques and evaluation indices of rice chlorate sensitivity, screening of rice germplasms with low nitrogen efficiency and high nitrogen tolerance based on chlorate, and the use of chlorate in the investigation of nitrogen-related genes. Moreover, we analyze the existing problems such as shortage and limitation of chlorate in nitrogen research, which in order to provide the basis for its application in breeding for high NUE rice cultivars and exploring nitrogen regulation mechanism.

Key words: Rice, Nitrate nitrogen, Chlorate, Nitrogen use efficiency

欧英卓, 赵晴, 顾怀应, 周宇阳, 刘长华, 孟丽君. 氯酸盐在水稻硝态氮研究中的应用现状[J]. 作物杂志, 2024 (4): 1–7

Ou Yingzhuo, Zhao Qing, Gu Huaiying, Zhou Yuyang, Liu Changhua, Meng Lijun. Application Status of Chlorate in Nitrate Nitrogen Research of Rice[J]. Crops, 2024(4): 1–7

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时期 Period	处理浓度 Treatment concentration	材料 Material	评价结果 Evaluation	参考文献Reference
芽期 Bud stage	0.2%	包含88个株系的珍汕97和日本晴所构建的回交群体（BC₄F₂）	获得15份抗性优于珍汕97和26份较珍汕97显著敏感的导入系	[36]
	0.1%	ZYQ8、JX17、日本晴、9311的127个株系的DH群体（ZYQ8/JX17）	敏感：ZYQ8 抗性：JX17	[40]
	0.1%	9311、Milyang352的117个株系DH群体（9311/Milyang352）	敏感：9311 抗性：Milyang352	[38]
苗期 Seedling stage	2 mmol/L	水稻“9311”突变体库M₂代2361份材料	获得40个与野生型存在敏感差异的突变体株系	[42]
	1.5%	粳13、粳157、粳M1148、中花11；籼147、籼144、籼180、9311	敏感性：中花11<粳13<粳M1148<籼144<9311<籼147<籼180<粳157	[28]
	0.05%	Saeilmi、Milyang23、9311、日本晴的4个渐渗系	敏感：Milyang23、9311 抗性：Saeilmi	[25]
	－	437个辐射突变体株系	获得4个氯酸钾抗性突变体株系（M819、M821、M1004和M1009）	[55]