Crops ›› 2020, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (2): 88-96.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2020.02.014

Previous Articles     Next Articles

Effects of Different Nitrogen Rates on Photosyntheticand Physiological Indexes and Yield of Winter Wheat

Chen Tianxin1,2,Wang Yanjie2,Zhang Yan3,Chang Xuhong2,Tao Zhiqiang2,Wang Demei2,Yang Yushuang2,Zhu Yingjie2,Liu Akang2,Shi Shubing1(),Zhao Guangcai2()   

  1. 1 College of Agronomy, Xinjiang Agricultural University, Urumqi 830052, Xinjiang, China
    2 Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Crop Physiology and Ecology of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, 100081, Beijing, China
    3 Renqiu Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Renqiu 062550, Hebei, China
  • Received:2019-12-27 Revised:2020-01-15 Online:2020-04-15 Published:2020-04-13
  • Contact: Shubing Shi,Guangcai Zhao E-mail:shubshi@sina.com;zhaoguangcai@caas.cn

RichHTML

15

PDF (PC)

555

Abstract:

To explore the effects of different nitrogen application rates on photosynthetic and physiological indexes and yield of winter wheat, three strong gluten winter wheat varieties Gaoyou 2018 (C1), Shiluan 02-1 (C2), Shiyou 20 (C3) and one medium gluten winter wheat variety Jimai 22 (C4) were used as test materials in the test base of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences in Beijing. Five fertilizer treatments were used, including 0 (N0), 180 (N180), 210 (N210), 240 (N240) and 270kg/ha (N270). The results showed: flag leaf net photosynthetic rate, the SPAD value, flag leaf length and width, leaf area index, normalized difference vegetation coverage, grain yield components and other indicators of different winter wheat varieties under N240 treatment have reached the highest value, and significantly higher than that of N0 treatment, but there was no significant difference compared with N270. Therefore, comprehensive consideration of photosynthetic physiology, plant characteristics, yield components and other indicators, 240kg/ha is a suitable nitrogen application rate to improve photosynthetic and physiological indexes and yield of different winter wheat varieties.

Key words: Wheat, Nitrogen application rate, Yield, Net photosynthetic rate, Plant traits

Fig.1

Effects of N-fertilizer rates on Pn of flag leaves of different varieties"

Fig.2

Effects of N-fertilizer rate and variety on Pn of flag leaves Different lowercase letters indicate significantly difference at 0.05 level, the same below"

Fig.3

Effects of N-fertilizer rates on SPAD value of flag leaves of different varieties"

Fig.4

Effects of N-fertilizer rate and variety on SPAD value of flag leaves"

Fig.5

Effects of N-fertilizer rates on morphology characteristics of flag leaves"

Fig.6

Effects of N-fertilizer rate and variety on NDVI"

Fig.7

Effects of N-fertilizer rate and variety on LAI"

Table 1

Effects of nitrogen application rate and variety on plant characteristics"

处理
Treatment		 株高(cm)
Plant
height		 穗长(cm)
Spike
length		 小穗数
Spikelet
number		 不孕小穗数
Sterile spikelet
number
N0 66.4c 6.7b 15.6c 2.5a
N180 67.5c 6.9b 16.0bc 2.3a
N210 69.2b 7.0ab 16.5ab 2.3a
N240 70.6a 7.3a 16.7a 2.2a
N270 70.7a 7.0ab 16.7ab 2.2a
C1 66.1c 6.8b 15.5c 2.4b
C2 68.9b 6.9b 16.0b 2.5ab
C3 72.0a 7.0b 16.9a 2.7a
C4 68.7b 7.3a 16.8a 1.6c

Table 2

Effects of nitrogen application rate and variety interact on plant characteristic"

品种
Variety		 施氮处理
Nitrogen treatment		 株高(cm)
Plant height		 穗长(cm)
Spike length		 小穗数
Spikelet number		 不孕小穗数
Sterile spikelet number
C1 N0 63.4g 6.5g 14.9h 2.6bc
N180 65.0fg 6.5g 15.1gh 2.5bcd
N210 65.9efg 6.7efg 15.6efgh 2.4bcd
N240 67.3def 7.1bcdef 16.0defg 2.0cdef
N270 68.3de 6.9cdefg 15.9defg 2.4bcd
C2 N0 65.7efg 6.6g 15.4fgh 2.8ab
N180 66.0efg 6.6fg 15.8efgh 2.8ab
N210 69.8bcd 6.8defg 16.2cdef 2.7bc
N240 71.3abc 7.2abcd 16.5bcde 2.1cdef
N270 71.7ab 7.2bcde 16.4cde 2.3bcde
C3 N0 68.4cde 6.6g 16.1def 3.4a
N180 71.8ab 6.8defg 16.2cdef 2.9ab
N210 71.9ab 7.0cdefg 17.2abc 2.8ab
N240 73.5a 7.3abc 17.4ab 2.0cdef
N270 74.1a 7.2bcdef 17.4ab 2.3cde
C4 N0 66.1efg 6.9cdefg 16.1defg 1.9def
N180 69.1bcd 7.2bcd 16.2cdef 1.7ef
N210 69.1bcd 7.2abcd 16.9abcd 1.5f
N240 69.4bcd 7.7a 17.7a 1.4f
N270 69.7bcd 7.6ab 17.2abc 1.5f
F值F value 品种Variety 24.5** 9.4** 16.8** 22.7**
施氮量Nitrogen application rate 28.0** 4.56* 6.2* 0.3
品种×施氮量Variety×Nitrogen application rate 1.2 1.7 1.3 3.0**

Table 3

Effects of nitrogen application rate and variety on grain yield and its components"

处理
Treatment		 穗粒数
Kernels per spike		 千粒重(g)
1000-grain weight		 籽粒产量(kg/hm2)
Grain yield
N0 32.7e 36.7b 6 549.0c
N180 36.3d 37.3b 7 921.6b
N210 40.8b 38.1b 7 998.5b
N240 42.4a 41.1a 8 482.5a
N270 39.1c 40.9a 7 992.5b
C1 36.9b 36.1c 7 171.1d
C2 37.1b 35.1d 7 493.2c
C3 37.7b 38.9b 7 729.1b
C4 41.3a 45.1a 8 761.9a

Table 4

Effects of nitrogen application rate and variety interact on grain yield and its components"

品种
Variety		 施氮处理
Nitrogen treatment		 穗粒数
Kernels per spike		 千粒重(g)
1000-grain weight		 籽粒产量(kg/hm2)
Grain yield
C1 N0 31.0k 32.5i 6 302.9i
N180 36.3hij 32.7hi 7 208.1g
N210 38.7defghi 34.1ghi 7 251.6g
N240 41.0bcdef 37.4ef 7 944.0de
N270 37.7fghij 43.7c 7 149.1g
C2 N0 31.0k 33.1hi 6 677.3h
N180 35.7ij 33.7ghi 7 574.7f
N210 39.7cdefgh 34.8gh 7 469.6f
N240 41.7abcde 38.4e 8 278.6c
N270 37.7fghij 35.7fg 7 465.8f
C3 N0 31.3k 37.4ef 6 529.8h
N180 35.0j 38.5e 7 872.2e
N210 40.7bcdefg 39.2e 7 841.4e
N240 42.3abc 41.4d 8 251.7c
N270 39.0cdefghi 38.2e 8 150.3cd
C4 N0 37.3ghij 43.7c 6 686.2h
N180 38.3efghij 44.3bc 9 031.2b
N210 44.0ab 44.3bc 9 431.5a
N240 44.7a 47.3a 9 455.6a
N270 42.0abcd 46.0ab 9 204.9b
F值F value 品种Variety 12.4** 190.7** 598.4**
施氮量Nitrogen application rate 49.0** 24.4** 171.6**
品种×施氮量Variety×Nitrogen application rate 0.5 8.7** 33.6**
[1] 赵广才, 常旭虹, 王德梅 , 等. 小麦生产概况及其发展. 作物杂志, 2018(4):1-7.
[2] 何新霞 . 氮磷钾肥对冬小麦产量及施肥效益影响的研究. 新疆农业科技, 2011(5):21.
[3] 李金才, 魏凤珍 . 氮素营养对小麦产量和籽粒蛋白质及组分含量的影响. 中国粮油学报, 2008,16(2):6-8.
[4] 宋建民, 田纪春, 赵世杰 . 植物光合碳和氮代谢之间的关系及其调节. 植物生理学通讯, 1998(3):230-238.
[5] 王月福, 姜东, 于振文 , 等. 氮素水平对小麦籽粒产量和蛋白质含量的影响及其生理基础. 中国农业科学, 2003,36(5):513-520.
[6] 宋飞, 李世清, 王辉 . 施氮对灌浆期冬小麦不同叶片SPAD值及光合速率的影响. 麦类作物学报, 2006,26(6):172-174.
[7] 葛鑫, 戴其根, 张洪程 , 等. 施氮方式对强筋小麦济南17产量和品质的影响. 麦类作物学报, 2003,23(4):104-108.
[8] 刘奇勇 . 不同品质类型小麦品种产量和品质性状对无机营养的响应特点. 保定:河北农业大学, 2004.
[9] 徐凤娇, 赵广才, 田奇卓 , 等. 施氮量对不同品质类型小麦产量和加工品质的影响. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2012,18(2):300-306.
[10] Chen J F, Chen K M, Xu J B . Research on the remote sensing monitoring of grassland productivity based on TM-NDVI. Agricultural Sciences and Technology, 2011,12:119-122.
[11] William R R, Gordon V J . Improving nitrogen use efficiency for cereal production. Agronomy Journal, 1999,91(3):357-363.
[12] 吴军华, 岳善超, 侯鹏 , 等. 基于主动遥感的冬小麦群体动态监测. 光谱学与光谱分析, 2011,31(2):535-538.
[13] 李卫国, 赵春江, 王纪华 , 等. 基于卫星遥感的冬小麦拔节期长势监测. 麦类作物学报, 2007,27(3):523-527.
[14] Krishnan P, Sharma R K, Dass A , et al. Web-based crop model:Web InfoCrop-Wheat to simulate the growth and yield of wheat. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, 2016,127:324-335.
[15] Mkhabela M S, Bullock P, Raj S , et al. Crop yield forecasting on the Canadian Prairies using MODIS NDVI data. Agricultural and Forest Meteorology, 2011,115:385-393.
[16] Li Z W, Xin X P, Tang H , et al. Estimating grassland LAI using the random forests approach and landsat imagery in the meadow steppe of Hulunber,China. Journal of Integrative Agriculture, 2017,16(2):286-297.
[17] 李景波, 付立东 . 氮肥运筹对超级稻产量及氮肥利用率的影响. 现代农业科技, 2011(8):46-47.
[18] Evans J R . Nitrogen and photosynthesis in the flag leaf of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Plant Physiology, 1983,72(2):297-302.
[19] 王娟, 韩登武, 任岗 , 等. SPAD值与棉花叶绿素和含氮量关系的研究. 新疆农业科学, 2006(3):167-170.
[20] 艾天成, 李方敏, 周治安 , 等. 作物叶片叶绿素含量与SPAD值相关性研究. 湖北农学院学报, 2000(1):6-8.
[21] 葛君, 姜晓君 . 施氮量对小麦旗叶光合特性、SPAD值、籽粒产量及碳氮代谢的影响. 天津农业科学, 2019,25(3):1-4.
[22] 王月福, 于振文, 李尚霞 , 等. 氮素营养水平对小麦开花后碳素同化、运转和产量的影响. 麦类作物学报, 2002,22(2):55-59.
[23] 张秋英, 李发东, 刘孟雨 . 冬小麦叶片叶绿素含量及光合速率变化规律的研究. 中国生态农业学报, 2005,13(3):95-98.
[24] 盖琼辉, 郭其龙, 杨晋丽 . 小麦顶三叶与主要农艺性状的相关性分析. 农业科学研究, 2017,38(1):10-13.
[25] 马建辉, 张利霞, 姜丽娜 , 等. 氮肥和密度对冬小麦光合生理和物质积累的影响. 麦类作物学报, 2015,35(5):674-680.
[26] 郑雪娇, 于振文, 张永丽 , 等. 施氮量对测墒补灌小麦冠层不同层次光截获和干物质分布的影响. 应用生态学报, 2018,29(2):531-537.
[27] 孙旭生, 林琪, 李玲燕 , 等. 氮素对超高产小麦生育后期光合特性及产量的影响. 植物营养与肥料学报, 2008(5):840-844.
[28] 李升东, 张卫峰, 王法宏 , 等. 施氮量对小麦氮素利用的影响. 麦类作物学报, 2016,36(2):223-230.
[29] 彭永欣, 郭文善, 严六零 , 等. 小麦栽培与生理. 南京:东南大学出版社, 1992, 127-144.
[1] Yan Hua,Yan Zhongwen,Lei Jie. Climate Change Characteristics of Xinyuan during 1981-2018 and Its Impact on Spring Maize [J]. Crops, 2020, 36(2): 140-146.
[2] Shen Hongtao,Zhang Fusheng,Li Dong,Qiu Jianhua,Cai Xinghong,Qin Yubao. Effects of Different Preceding Crops and Planting Density on Yield and Quality of Flue-Cured Tobacco in Mudanjiang [J]. Crops, 2020, 36(2): 105-111.
[3] Wang Tianwen,Li Changzhong,Chen Guanghai. Effects of Sowing Dates and Densities on Propagation, Growth and Yield of Potato Seeds [J]. Crops, 2020, 36(2): 162-167.
[4] Li Ruijie,Tang Huihui,Wang Qingyan,Xu Yanli,Fang Mengying,Yan Peng,Dong Zhiqiang,Zhang Fenglu. Effects of 5- Aminolevulinic Acid and Ethylene Compounds on Photosynthetic Characteristics and Yield of Spring Maize in Northeast China [J]. Crops, 2020, 36(2): 125-133.
[5] Chen Diwen,Zhou Wenling,Ao Junhua,Huang Ying,Jiang Yong,Han Xihong,Qin Yimin,Shen Hong. Effects of Seaweed Extract on Yield, Quality and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Sweet Corn [J]. Crops, 2020, 36(2): 134-139.
[6] Zhou Wei,Cui Fuzhu,Duan Hongkai,Hao Guohua,Yang Hui,Liu Ruirui. Effects of Sowing Date on Yield and Quality of Waxy Maize [J]. Crops, 2020, 36(2): 156-161.
[7] Wang Hezheng,Shen Sihan,Zhang Dongxia,Wang Gaijing,Zheng Jinzhi,Bi Biao,Wang Wenjie. Effects of Salicylic Acid on Physiological and Biochemical Characteristics of Wheat Seedling under Water Stress [J]. Crops, 2020, 36(2): 168-171.
[8] Fan Yegeng,Yan Haifeng,Chen Rongfa,Qiu Lihang,Zhou Huiwen,Huang Xing,Weng Mengling,Wu Jianming,Li Yangrui,Wei Shengman. The Difference of Single Bud Seedling of the Third Generation of Sugarcane Virus-Free Plantlets with Different Seedcane Sizes and Transplanting Effect [J]. Crops, 2020, 36(2): 194-199.
[9] Liu Xin,Zhu Rong,Yang Mei,Liu Zhangyong. Screening of High-Yield Germplasms for Ratoon Rice and Analysis of High Yield Composition [J]. Crops, 2020, 36(2): 28-33.
[10] Liu Weixing,He Qunling,Zhang Fengye,Fan Xiaoyu,Chen Lei,Li Ke,Wu Jihua. AMMI Model Analysis on Regional Trials of Large-Seeded Peanut Varieties [J]. Crops, 2020, 36(2): 60-64.
[11] Yang Zhichang,Shen Tao,Luo Zhuo,Peng Zhi,Hu Yuqian,Zi Tao,Xiong Tinghao,Song Haixing. Effects of Low Nitrogen Rate Combined with High Planting Density on Yield Formation and Nitrogen Use Efficiency of Machine-Transplanted Double Cropping Rice [J]. Crops, 2020, 36(2): 71-81.
[12] Zhang Bo,Gao Tiantian,Cheng Hongbo,Li Rui,Chai Yuwei,Li Yawei,Chai Shouxi. Effects of Mulching on Water Content of Plant and Flag Leaves and Grain Yield of Winter Wheat in Dryland [J]. Crops, 2020, 36(2): 97-104.
[13] Chengrui Ma,Dabing Xiang,Yan Wan,Jianyong Ouyang,Yue Song,Zhengsong Tang,Jianying Liu,Gang Zhao. Difference Analysis of Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Different Tartary Buckwheat Varieties [J]. Crops, 2020, 36(1): 35-40.
[14] Gao Jie,Li Qingfeng,Li Xiaorong,Feng Guangcai,Peng Qiu. Analysis of the Characteristics of Dry Matter Production and Light Energy Utilization of Waxy Sorghum Applied in Different Eras in Guizhou Province [J]. Crops, 2020, 36(1): 41-46.
[15] Jing Peipei,Ren Hongru,Yang Hongjian,Dai Qigen. Effects of Saline Stress on Leaf Photosynthesis Characteristics and Grain Yield of Two Rice Cultivars (Lines) [J]. Crops, 2020, 36(1): 67-75.
Viewed
Full text


Abstract

Cited
  Shared   
  Discussed   
[1] Hou Qian,Wang Wanxing,Li Guangcun,Xiong Xingyao. Advances in the Research on Potato Continuous Cropping Obstacles[J]. Crops, 2019, 35(6): 1 -7 .
[2] Zhang Ting,Lu Lahu,Yang Bin,Yuan Kai,Zhang Wei,Shi Xiaofang. Comparative Analysis of Wheat Agronomic Traits in Four Provinces of Huanghuai Wheat Area[J]. Crops, 2019, 35(6): 20 -26 .
[3] Sun Yue,Liu Bin,Fu Manqi,Wang Jing,Wang Xiaohui,Chen Fu. Spatio-Temporal Dynamic Changes of Linseed Production in China from 1985 to 2015[J]. Crops, 2019, 35(6): 8 -13 .
[4] Zhu An,Gao Jie,Huang Jian,Wang Hao,Chen Yun,Liu Lijun. Advances in Morphology and Physiology of Root and Their Relationships with Grain Quality in Rice[J]. Crops, 2020, 36(2): 1 -8 .
[5] Zhang Xin,Cao Liru,Wei Liangming,Zhang Qianjin,Zhou Ke,Wang Zhenhua,Lu Xiaomin. Expression Analysis and Interaction Prediction of Maize Glucose Transporter Gene ZmGLUT-1[J]. Crops, 2020, 36(1): 22 -28 .
[6] Pan Lei,Xu Jie,Yang Shuai,Chen Yunsong,Chen Lianhong,Ma Wenguang. Pollen Viability, Morphology and Physiological Indexes of Three Tobacco Varieties at Different Storage Temperatures[J]. Crops, 2020, 36(2): 112 -118 .
[7] Yan Hua,Yan Zhongwen,Lei Jie. Climate Change Characteristics of Xinyuan during 1981-2018 and Its Impact on Spring Maize[J]. Crops, 2020, 36(2): 140 -146 .
[8] . [J]. Crops, 2020, 36(2): 200 -204 .
[9] Ma Hui,Jiao Xiaoyu,Xu Xue,Li Juan,Ni Dahu,Xu Rongfang,Wang Yu,Wang Xiufeng. Advances in Physiological and Molecular Mechanisms of Cadmium Metabolism in Rice[J]. Crops, 2020, 36(1): 1 -8 .
[10] Wang Meichun,Lian Rongfang,Xiao Gui,Mo Jinping,Cao Ning. Review and Industrial Development Countermeasures of Lentils in China[J]. Crops, 2020, 36(1): 13 -16 .