Crops ›› 2020, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (2): 48-53.doi: 10.16035/j.issn.1001-7283.2020.02.008

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Identification and Principal Component Analysis of Maize Combinations Suitable for Mechanical Grain Harvesting

Wei Xiaoyi,Wang Jiamu,Ma Yi,Ma Junfeng,Hong Defeng,Wei Feng()   

  1. Xinxiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences of Henan Province, Xinxiang 453002, Henan, China
  • Received:2019-09-06 Revised:2019-12-04 Online:2020-04-15 Published:2020-04-13
  • Contact: Feng Wei E-mail:xxsnkyyms@126.com

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Abstract:

Mechanical grain harvesting is the future development direction in maize. In this study, 16 maize cross combinations were used as materials, a total of 9 indexes of yield traits (yield, ear length, ear diameter, 100-kernel weight), agronomic traits (plant height and ear height) and mechanical harvesting related traits (grain moisture content, grain broken rate and impurity rate) were measured. The correlation analysis showed that there was a significant positive correlations between yield and ear length, ear diameter, 100-kernel weight; between plant height and ear height. In addition, a significant positive correlation between grain moisture content and grain broken rate was also found. Principal component analysis was performed on indexes (yield and yield related traits, grain moisture content, grain broken rate and impurity rate), combining the results of the yield comparison between artificial and mechanical grain harvesting, the research showed that Xindan 65, Xindan 58, Xindan 68, Xindan 88 were more suitable for mechanical grain harvesting.

Key words: Maize, Mechanical grain harvesting, Grain moisture content, Grain broken rate

Table 1

Number and name of 16 maize cross combinations"

编号Number 杂交组合Cross combination
H1 新单58（新美09×新4095）
H2 新4095×新4247
H3 新单88（新XF806×新69）
H4 新H1653×新913
H5 新01A3×新8280
H6 A9241×新3764
H7 新H1653×新LSA82641
H8 新单61（新美09×新01A3）
H9 新09美×新ANA-4567
H10 新3764×新4133
H11 新2115×新69
H12 新美026×新4364
H13 新单65（新美026×新4095）
H14 新单68（新美026×新69）
H15 新01A3×新4214
H16 郑单958（对照）

Table 2

The growth stage of 16 maize cross combinations d"

组合
Combination		 抽雄期
Tasseling stage		 吐丝期
Silking stage		 散粉期
Flowering stage		 成熟期
Mature stage
H1 51 54 53 102
H2 51 56 56 104
H3 52 55 55 102
H4 52 57 55 102
H5 52 56 55 102
H6 52 55 55 103
H7 52 57 55 102
H8 53 56 55 102
H9 53 54 54 103
H10 52 55 55 102
H11 51 55 54 102
H12 51 54 54 102
H13 50 54 53 101
H14 52 55 55 103
H15 52 56 55 104
H16 54 58 57 105

Table 3

Performance values of agronomic traits for 16 maize cross combinations"

性状Trait 平均值±标准差Mean±standard deviation 变异范围Range 变异系数Cofficient of variation (%)
产量Yield (kg/hm2) 7 990.7±1 367.1 6 094.1~11 035.7 17.1
穗长Ear length (cm) 18.3±1.2 16.7~20.9 6.7
穗粗Ear diameter (cm) 5.0±0.3 4.5~5.8 5.7
百粒重100-kernel weight (g) 33.4±1.9 30.4~36.8 5.8
籽粒含水率Grain moisture content (%) 27.4±2.6 24.3~35.6 9.6
籽粒破碎率Grain broken rate (%) 5.4±1.2 3.7~8.5 22.6
杂质率Impurity rate (%) 5.1±1.7 2.7~8.9 34.0
株高Plant height (cm) 261.4±31.5 228.1~365.4 12.1
穗位高Ear height (cm) 92.7±5.9 80.7~104.0 6.4

Table 4

Correlation analysis of agronomic traits for maize cross combinations"

性状
Trait		 产量
Yield		 穗长
Ear length		 穗粗
Ear diameter		 百粒重
100-kernel weight		 籽粒含水率
Grain moisture content		 籽粒破碎率
Grain broken rate		 杂质率
Impurity rate		 株高
Plant height
穗长Ear length -0.764**
穗粗Ear diameter -0.812** -0.446
百粒重100-kernel weight -0.797** -0.235 -0.193
籽粒含水率
Grain moisture content		 -0.439 -0.077 -0.225 -0.245
籽粒破碎率
Grain broken rate		 -0.491 -0.265 -0.045 -0.189 -0.614*
杂质率Impurity rate -0.452 -0.366 -0.247 -0.244 -0.300 0.231
株高Plant height -0.384 -0.307 -0.320 -0.306 -0.093 -0.317 -0.312
穗位高Ear height -0.092 -0.113 -0.017 -0.252 -0.475 0.316 -0.062 0.828**

Table 5

Component matrix and proportions of 8 indexes for maize cross combination"

指标Index 第1主成分
Principal component 1		 第2主成分
Principal component 2		 第3主成分
Principal component 3
产量Yield (kg/hm2) -0.835 0.078 -0.385
穗长Ear length (cm) 0.027 0.803 0.384
穗粗Ear diameter (cm) 0.308 0.705 0.279
百粒重100-kernel weight (g) 0.311 -0.587 0.707
籽粒干物质含量Kernel dry matter content (%) 0.759 0.281 -0.494
完整籽粒百分率Complete kernel ratio (%) 0.823 -0.248 -0.319
贡献率Proportion (%) 35.722 27.242 20.301
累计贡献率Accumulated contribution (%) 35.722 62.963 83.264

Table 6

The value of comprehensive evaluation of mechanical grain harvesting in different maize hybrid combinations and order based on the suitability"

编号
Number		 因子1
Factor 1		 因子2
Factor 2		 因子3
Factor 3		 第1主成分
Principal component 1		 第2主成分
Principal component 2		 第3主成分
Principal component 3		 Y 综合评价排序
Order based on the suitability
H1 0.867 0.488 0.055 1.269 0.624 0.061 0.764 2
H2 -0.272 -1.473 0.569 -0.399 -1.884 0.628 -0.635 14
H3 0.537 0.151 0.029 0.787 0.194 0.032 0.409 4
H4 -0.464 0.488 -0.013 -0.679 0.624 -0.015 -0.090 8
H5 -0.132 -0.077 -1.360 -0.194 -0.098 -1.501 -0.481 12
H6 -1.788 1.547 -0.467 -2.618 1.978 -0.516 -0.601 13
H7 0.043 0.085 0.252 0.062 0.108 0.278 0.130 7
H8 0.488 0.368 -0.791 0.714 0.471 -0.873 0.247 5
H9 0.163 -0.501 1.214 0.238 -0.641 1.339 0.219 6
H10 0.179 -0.251 -0.418 0.263 -0.321 -0.461 -0.105 9
H11 0.029 0.096 -1.655 0.043 0.123 -1.826 -0.386 11
H12 -0.014 0.215 -1.135 -0.020 0.276 -1.253 -0.224 10
H13 1.601 2.083 1.511 2.343 2.663 1.667 2.283 1
H14 0.930 -1.063 1.161 1.361 -1.359 1.282 0.451 3
H15 0.397 -1.979 -0.491 0.581 -2.531 -0.542 -0.711 15
H16 -2.564 -0.179 1.540 -3.753 -0.229 1.699 -1.270 16

Fig.1

Comparison of yield between artificial and mechanical grain harvesting"

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